AbstractMedical negligence litigation has become a common experience for the medical practitioners. It is important to know what constitutes a medical negligence and take preventive steps. The doctor has certain duties to his patient who comes to him for treatment for his illness. If there is any deficiency of duty or service due to commission or omission causing damage to the patient, it amounts to medical negligence. When there is a litigation of medical negligence, a legal procedure is followed to address the complainant The doctor has to be aware of the medico-legal procedures and laws dealing with alleged medical negligence cases. It will help them to take precautions and follow safe medical practice.