Due to rapid population and workforce aging in many countries, organizational researchers and practitioners have become increasingly interested in the role of age in the work context (Finkelstein et al., 2015; Truxillo et al., 2015). In this article, we review research in one particular area within the growing field of work and aging: the role of age in relationships between work characteristics and occupational well-being. Research in this area is important because work characteristics and work (re)design can have differential effects on younger and older workers’ well-being (Griffiths, 1999; Truxillo and Zaniboni, 2015) and may influence how workers’ well-being develops across their careers (Matthews, 2015; Schmitt and Bathen, in press).