Background and Aim: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication in critically ill patient affecting 9 to 27% of all critically ill patients. We have done the study of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) with various risk factors like age, sex, duration of ventilation, airway access, various organisms and their culture and sensitivity to various antibiotics and comorbid conditions associated with ventilator associated pneumonia. 

Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in our Medical ICU of Civil Hospital during period from November 2009 to November 2011. It includes 100 cases of mechanically ventilated patients of age more than 15 years. VAP was defined as the occurrence of a new and persistent radiographic infiltrate in conjunction with positive endotracheal aspirate culture. A cut off of 7 days of mechanical ventilator was used to distinguish patient with early nset VAP from those with late onset VAP. Risk factors like age, sex, duration of mechanical ventilation and comorbid conditions like COPD, stroke, ischemic heart disease were studied.

Results: Most common comorbid state associated with mechanical ventilatory support was COPD and 72.72% patients with COPD developed VAP. incidence of VAP was highest with reintubation (70%) followed by tracheostomy (30%) and non-invasive ventilation (20%). most common organism for VAP was Pseudomonas with 37.5% incidence, followed by Staphylococcus Aureus (16.66%), Klebslia (16.66%),

Conclusion: Ventilator associated pneumonia is an important cause of mortality in ICU patients. Most important risk factors for development of VAP include age >60 years, presence of co-morbid illnesses, re intubations, duration of ICU stay.
Keywords: COPD; Ischemic Heart Disease; Stroke; Ventilator Associated Pneumonia.