Aims: Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare disorder which develops spontaneously (primary PCL) or evolves in patients with multiple myeloma (secondary PCL). It is defined by the presence of 2 × 109/L peripheral blood plasma cells and plasmacytosis accounting for more than 20 % of the differential white cell count1. This study aims to analyze the clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic profile of cases of Plasma cell leukemia and determine the significance of peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspiration, serum protein electrophoresis and flow cytometry in the diagnosis. Methods: All cases diagnosed as Plasma cell leukemia during the period January 2012 to January 2015 were included in this study. Giemsa ( MGG­ May Grunwald Giemsa) stained smears of peripheral blood smears and bone marrow aspiration were examined. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry were also subsequently done.Results: There were five cases of PCL diagnosed during this period which included four males and one female. Conclusion: Plasma cell leukemia is an aggressive disease. Peripheral blood smear examination, bone marrow aspiration, serum protein electrophoresis and immunophenotyping (flow cytometric analysis) are very useful in the diagnosis of PCL.

Keywords: Plasma Cell Leukemia; Peripheral Blood Smear; Bone Marrow Aspiration; Serum Protein Electrophoresis; Immunophenotyping.