Chronic renal failure is an alarming condition for health care professionals throughout the world. During the progression of renal damage, clinical manifestations are noted in practically all body organs and systems, and 90% of all affected patients experience oral symptoms. The existing management options range from simple measures based on changes in diet and life style, to different forms of dialysis (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis), and also kidney transplantation. Knowing that the multiple oral manifestations of chronic renal failure, and the different repercussions of its treatment upon the oral cavity- these patients require special considerations and during precautions of dental treatment. Consultation with the nephrologist is essential before any dental treatment is carried out, in order to determine the condition of the patient, define the best moment for dental treatment, introduce the necessary pharmacological adjustments, or to establish other important aspects for preventing complications in the dental clinic.This article reviews the characteristics of the disease, the existing therapeutic options, and the considerations of relevance for the dental professional.

Keywords: Chronic renal failure; Glomerular filtration rate; Dialysis; Renal transplant;  Immunosuppressive therapy; Oral lesions; Gingival hyperplasia; Dental management.