Thyroid gland comprising of two lobes (right and left) is located in the neck region below Adams apple. The gland as such is responsible for secreting Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine and Calcitonin. The former two is responsible for various metabolic and developmental growth while the latter maintains calcium homeostasis. Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism occurs when the level of circulating thyroid hormones is either insufficient or surplus to meet body requirement. Various drugs have been used to modulate the function of thyroid gland and prevent life threatening outcomes.

Keywords: Thyroid gland; Diseases; Triiodothyronine; Thyroxine; Calcitonin.