Background: Urinary tract infection is the third most common bacterial infection in infants and children. Incidence varies with age and sex. Various anatomical, functional and immunological factors predispose to urinary tract infections like structural abnormalities of urinary tract. Varied spectrum of clinical features are seen in this infections. This study was done to find out the major predisposing factors and the commonest signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections. Methods: This case control study included fifty children between 1 month to 5 years of age with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection with positive urine culture. Fifty age and sex matched children with normal urine culture results were taken as controls. Radiological evaluation carried out in all cases of UTI. MCU was advised in all children less than 2 years of age with UTI. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The independent ­test was used for comparison of data between two groups. Results: The maximum number of cases were in the age group of 1month – 1year Female to male ratio of 1:0.88. 80) of cases were first episode of UTI and there were 70% of simple UTI. Fever was the main symptom. In 80% cases E coli was isolated by culture and sensitivity. The major abnormal findings in ultrasound was bilateral hydronephrosis. Conclusions: The majority of children with UTI were in one month to one year age group with male preponderance. Majority of children had simple UTI and ultrasound evaluation was normal. Timely management of constipation, voiding dysfunction, attention to perineal hygine and treatment of pinworm infestations are recommended. The importance of exclusive breast feeding and circumcision in the prevention of UTI also needs to be emphasized.

Keywords: UTI; Predisposing Factors; Dysuria; Hydronephrosis; Under Five Children.