The objective of this short communication paper was to reappraise the role of biology in pain, its reception, perception, processing and reaction from an evidence-informed overview of studies found in PubMed. There were studies relating Biology of pain with anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology and molecular biology. Ethnicity was representing inter-individual variability in pain threshold and pain tolerance as a marker of biology. Biology-based assessment and treatment of pain was reported in studies on bone cancer pain, mucosal pain, fibromyalgia and chronic low back pain. There is need to explore the biologically based mechanisms in future studies of pain sciences.

Keywords: Pain biology; Pain sciences; Pain mechanisms; Therapeutic biology; Clinical biology.