Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L., Family - Poaceae) is an economically important sugar and energy crop propagated conventionally by stem cuttings (setts). Low propagation rates, long time demand, huge land requirement and potential transmission of pathogens through seed cane from generation to generation are the major constraints of conventional propagation. In vitro propagation (Micropropagation) is the best alternative to overcome such limitations to produce diseasefree genetic stock and sufficient amount of planting material in minimum possible time, however, it is a relatively sophisticated technique requiring aseptic conditions and technical skill at each stage viz. mother plant establishment, initiation and establishment of aseptic cultures, multiplication, rooting, and acclimatization. More knowledge is required regarding sensitivity of the micropropagation protocol for microbial contamination and the economical viability to support the conventional propagation. This review aims towards the scope of micropropagation for increasing yield by enhancing varietal life-span and allow the sugar industry to produce sufficient quality planting material within short period of time and cost effective manner.

Keywords: Cane Setts; Micropropagation; Seed Cane; Sachharum Spp; Sugarcane.