The concept of probiotics , which emerged in ancient times is a rapidly advancing field. Probiotics have impact on human health. Probiotic bacteria are used to treat or prevent a broad range of human diseases , conditions and syndromes. Probiotics are effective in treatment and prevention of acute diarrhea and antibiotic induced diarrhea. Potential applications of probiotics are for treatment and prevention of relapses of crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome. Probiotics may be useful for prevention of respiratory infections in children, dental caries, allergic diseases. They are valuable in gynaecology in bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis and urogenital infections. Areas of future interest for application of probiotics include colon and bladder cancer, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. 

Keywords: Probiotics; Lactobacillus; Gastrointestinal infectious; Urogenital infections; Health care.