Mortality after admission is an important indicator of hospital performance and forms a part of several sets of quality indicator.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study were the information about dead cases obtained from medical records which are available at Department of Statistics Planning and Medical Registration in Ibn Sina Teaching Central hospital during the period from 1st January to 31th December 2008, Hadhramout Governorate, Republic of Yemen. ****Results: The overall mortality rate among all cases admitted in Ibn Sina Teaching Central hospital during 2008 was (4.22%). The results of studied files, 344 were males (59.1%) and 238 were females (40.9%). The most age group died among all children dead cases was < 30 days (32.7%) and in adults dead cases was (60 years – 70 years) with percentage about (38.1%). The frequencies of leading causes of death among adults were Cerebrovascular diseases followed by Diseases of the Heart, Renal Failure, Infectious Diseases and Malignant Neoplasm. While the frequency of leading causes of death among children were Congenital Anomalies followed by Head Injury, Infections and Renal Failure. Conclusion Cerebrovascular diseases ranked the first leading cause of deaths among adults and Congenital Anomalies were the first leading cause of deaths among children. There are a lot of work should be done in order to improve the situation and at the end to decrease this figure.