Context: Screening and diagnostic efforts for breast cancer are critical because the disease has a high rate of successful outcomes with early identification and treatment. The mammography (MG) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are individually effective diagnostic modalities for detection of breast pathologies. Aim: To compare the efficacy of mammography and FNAC in Cancer Breast. Setting & Design: The prospective study conducted on patients admitted for surgery for Breast lump or symptoms of breast malignancy in surgical wards of JLN Medical College, Ajmer and undergoing surgery for same with an aim to evaluate breast lesions using mammography and FNAC independently and in correlation with gold standard histopathology. Results: A total number of 100 cases of breast lump studied. The mammography, FNAC and histopathology results were collected and analysed. In present study, Mammography shows Sensitivity – 93.846, Specificity – 82.857, Positive Predictive value – 91.045, Negative Predictive Value – 87.87and Accuracy – 90. FNAC shows Sensitivity – 93.8, Specificity – 97.14, Positive Predictive value – 98.38, Negative Predictive Value – 89.474 and Accuracy - 95 Conclusion: This study confirms that the Mammography and FNAC have significantly higher sensitivity and NPV in detecting the both benign and malignant lesions of the breast. In the present study, FNAC has more accuracy in predicting breast cancer than mammogram. Association between FNAC and Mammography result was calculated to be.717 Key words: Breast lesions; fine needle aspiration cytology; mammography; histopathological examination. Key message: for successful treatment outcome of carcinoma breast early diagnosis is must.