Background: Actinomycosis is a rare chronic
granulomatous inflammatory disease caused by an
anaerobic bacterium, mainly residing in cervicofascial
region, and rarel affects the intestines. Diagnosis
is seldom made preoperatively due to the lack of
specific clinical, laboratory and radiological features.

Case presentation: We present a case of ileal
perforation secondary to actinomycosis infection
which was mimicking crohns ileitis. Patient under
went emergency laparotomy, followed by right
hemicolectomy. Post operative histopathology
revealed actinomycosis infection and was put on
penicillins later.

Conclusion:Preoperative diagnosis of actinomycosis
involving intestines is rare and difficult to conclude.
Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment.

Keywords: Actinomyces israelii; Ileum; Perforation,
Crohns disease.