The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence of Hospital-Acquired Infection among ICU patients and its association with selected factors in IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Nosocomial infections can be defined as those occurring within 48 hours of hospital admission, 3 days of discharge or 30 days of an operation. They affect 1 in 10 patients admitted to hospital. The approach/design of the study was Non-Experimental Descriptive research design /Survey approach, which were carried out among 100 patients admitted in ICU of IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, selected by Non-Probability convenience sampling technique. An exclusive review of literature helped in preparation of data collection tools to assess the observed factors responsible for developing HAI. A structured Questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data and data on observed responsible factors for developing HAI. The techniques used for data collection were  interview and participative observation. The analysis of the obtained data was based on the objective of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and data interpretation. Results of the study revealed that ICU the incidence of Hospital-Acquired infection was 12% among them 3% of sample getting infection through I.V line, 7% of sample getting infection through catheter, 2% of sample getting infection through respiratory procedure and rest 88% of sample are not infected. It was concluded that the Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Infection among patient admitted in ICU, SUM Hospital is 12% & is due to some wrong practices of the health care provider. The most effective technique for controlling nosocomial infection is to strategically implement quality control measures to the health care sectors, and evidence-based management can be a feasible approach. For those with ventilator-associated or hospital-acquired pneumonia, controlling and monitoring hospital indoor air quality needs to be on agenda in management, whereas for nosocomial rotavirus infection, a hand hygiene protocol has to be enforced.