Leprosy and tuberculosis are chronic granulomatous diseases known to be endemic in our country. Simultaneous occurrence of both infections in a single individual is not an uncommon clinical condition but has been reported infrequently in literature. Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) is an immunologically mediated hypersensitivity reaction presenting in patients with lepromatous and borderline lepromatous leprosy usually before, during and rarely after multidrug therapy (MDT) for leprosy. Here we report a case of ENL and tubercular lymphadenitis diagnosed simultaneously in a 25 year old young male presenting with fever and other systemic features at the time of admission in our hospital. It is important to identify these cases to avoid monotherapy of tuberculosis. Concurrent occurrence of these diseases can modify the course and presentation of each other and pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Due to relative rarity of occurence of this phenomena we are reporting this case.

Keywords: Erythema Nodosum Leprosum; Tubercular Lymphadenitis.