AbstractIntroduction: Anemia is major public health problem. Diagnosis of anemia and its correction needs crucial intervention. Peripheral blood smear examination plays an important role in classifying anemais based on morphology of RBCs. Nutritional deficiency is a major risk factor for anemias. Aim of the study: The aimof the study is to look at the morphological patterns and prevalence of anemias in a teaching hospital in rural Telangana. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital based observational study done in the department of Pathology at RVM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Siddipet district, Telangana State for a period of two months from August 2017 to September 2017. A total of 560 cases attending a rural medical camp were screened for anemia. All the cases were sent to department of Pathology (central laboratory) for routine investigations for anemia. Investigations advised were Hemoglobin estimation, complete Hemogram, Peripheral smear examination and Reticulocyte count. Observations and Results: In the present study all the 560 cases were screened for anemia. 230 (41%) cases were normal and 330 (59%) cases showedanemia.157/330 cases were among 2130 years followed by 3140 years 62/330 cases. Female preponderancewas seen 339/560 (60.5%) compared to males 2 21/560 (39.4%). Clinically about 53.5 % cases presented with pallor. Among 560 cases screened, about 330 (59 %) cases showed features suggestive ofanemia.Microcytic hypochromic anemia was observed commonly among 55.3% cases (310/560) and normocytic normochromic in 230 cases (41%). Conclusion: Microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common type of anemia identified. Females were commonly affected than males.
Keywords: Anemia Prevalence; Iron Deficiency; Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia; Medical Camp Study.
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