Pancytopenia and Bicytopenia are hematological findings which can occur from various etiological factors mainly involving the bone marrow. In our study of 106 cases of Pancytopenia (63 cases, 59.43%) and Bicytopenia (43 cases, 40.56%), megaloblastic anemia was the commonest finding which reflects the nutritional anemia in our country which can be corrected easily, followed by hypoplastic marrow, erythroid hyperplasia and HIV infection. Most of the patients were in 21-30 yrs of age group 26 cases (24.52%). Males were more 61 cases (57.54%) than females 45 cases (42.45%). In our study, HIV infection was found in 13 cases and 1 case of HBs Ag positive. HIV infection is emerging as another leading cause for Pancytopenia and Bicytopenia. Thrombocytopenia cases were more in our study because of ITP and Infection associated thrombocytopenia (IAT), due to Dengue out break during our study period. Final diagnosis requires morphological examination of marrow by doing bone marrow aspiration along with bone marrow biopsy, clinical examination in association with Vit B12 and folic acid levels, enzyme assays, serology, electrophoresis, markers etc along with radiological evaluation is needed for optimization of results & proper diagnosis in relevant cases.

Keywords: Bicytopenia; Bone Marrow; HIV; Megaloblastic Marrow; Pancytopenia.