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Indian Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

Volume  5, Issue 2, Jul-Dec 2018, Pages 145-151
 

Original Article

Study of Factors Associated with First Trimester Abortion in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Mumbai

Dipali Sivasane1, Rekha G. Daver2

1Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat 395101, India. 2Ex Professor & Head, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, GMC hospital and JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400008, India; Head of Medical Education ,Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400004 , India.

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijmfnm.2347.999X.5218.4

Abstract

  Introduction: First trimester abortion is the pregnancy loss in first trimester of pregnancy, before 12 weeks of gestation. Threatened miscarriage is a relatively common complication during pregnancy, occurring in approximately 20% of all pregnancies. Vaginal bleeding during the first trimester is associated with an approximate 5.5%–42.7% risk for subsequent complete miscarriage. Previous miscarriage, increasing maternal age, teenage pregnancy, stress, pollutants, smoking, obesity, vascular diseases (such as lupus), diabetes, other hormonal problems, maternal infections especially TORCH, and abnormalities of the uterus are some of the identified risk factors. Objective: Present study was conducted to study the profile of pregnant women admitted with complain suggestive of abortion during first trimester of pregnancy and to identify the risk factors associated with it. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study done in a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai, Maharashtra. All pregnant women in first trimester with the complain of one or more of the symptoms of abortion like spotting, bleeding, passage of fleshy mass, abdominal pain and passage of grape like substance were included in the study. Their profile was recorded and possible risk factors were identified. Results: Out of total 200 patients, 95 (47.5%) patients were having threatened abortion. Out of these 95 patients, pregnancy was continued in 53 (55.8%) patients. It was observed that more than half of the patients were having presenting symptom of bleeding and spotting. Abdominal pain was also a common complain. Around 46% of patients were from age group of 21 to 25 years. Most of the pregnancies were of Gestational age 8 to 12 weeks and most of the patients were having BMI of from 18.5 to 24.9. Around 73% of patients were having no history of previous pregnancy loss. Most of the patients having mild anaemia having haemoglobin level 8 to 10 grams. Out of total 200 study participant, 50 (25%) were TORCH Ig M positive and 103(52%) were TORCH Ig G positive. Apart from idiopathic etiology most common medical risk factor was active TORCH infection which was found positive in 25% of patients. Fever, UTI and Trauma were also among common associated illnesses. onclusion: Bleeding and spotting were the most common presenting symptoms. Patients of age group of 21 to 25 years were most commonly affected. Most of the pregnancies were of Gestational age 8 to 12 weeks and most of the patients were having BMI of from 18.5 to 24.9. In around 50% of patients any of the TORCH Ig MorIgG was positive. Most common risk factor was active TORCH infection which was found positive in 25% of patients. Fever, UTI and Trauma were also among common associated illnesses 

Keywords: First Trimester Abortion; TORCH; Bleeding; Spotting


Corresponding Author : Dipali Sivasane, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat 395101, India.