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Pediatrics Education and Research

Volume  7, Issue 2, April-June 2019, Pages 49-58
 

Original Article

Outcome of Kangaroo Mother Care in Low Birth Weight Babies (Preterm/Iugr)

Simy Mathew1, Jyoti B Sarvi2

1Practising Pediatrician, Bangalore, India, 2Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Science, Kalaburagi, Karnataka 585101, India.

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DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.7219.3

Abstract

Aims and objectives: To identify changes in the specific parameters (anthropometry, hypothermia, hypoglycaemia, sepsis) of neonates receiving ‘KMC”. To identify feeding patterns and sleep pattern in babies receiving KMC. To determine Mother’s perception during KMC. Methods and Material: It is a prospective case study, studying the outcome of Kangaroo Mother Care given to babies (32-40 weeks), weighing 1.5-2 kg born by normal vaginal delivery in Basaveshwar and Sangameshwar Teaching and General Hospital, Gulbarga. Results: Our study group of 150 neonates included males more than females, SGA more than AGA, late preterm more than early preterm and term neonates. Neonates body temperature significantly increased after KMC. A significant increase in respiratory rate, decrease in heart rate and increase in oxygen saturation was seen in neonates receiving KMC in our study. Our study recorded a higher proportion of neonates achieving transition from predominant expressed breast milk consumption (paladai or wati) to predominant direct breastfeeding during hospital kangaroo mother care. Also all infants were on exclusive breast feeding at follow up and on were on regular supplements. Behavioral state of the babies before and during KMC was studied using modified BRASELTON behavioral assessment scale and it found that there was increased deep quiet sleep state (80%) during KMC. The mean crying state was found to be less during KMC(4%). There was significant mean weight gain of 20 gm/day during hospital KMC and during follow up, also babies with KMC had better weekly length increment. Maternal acceptance of KMC was good and concurred with other studies. (85.3%) mothers in our study strongly agreed that KMC provides warmth to the babies. 88% mothers felt that their baby is secure and majority of them felt that baby sleeps better and that it improves the weight of the baby. All the mothers were able to practice KMC at home and no adverse events were reported. The response of the family and/or the father was supportive. Conclusion: KMC promoted an improvement in body temperature, thereby contributing towards improvement of thermal control, decreased heart rate, increased peripheral oxygen saturation, improvement of tissue oxygenation and improved breathing rate, which brought greater respiratory comfort to the newborns. Thus, KMC promoted beneficial physiological changes for low-weight PTNBs and contributed significantly to their physiological control. Kangaroo mother care accelerates growth pattern in LBW babies and reduces hospital stay. By promoting kangaroo mother care, exclusive breast feeding was ensured in LBW babies. Kangaroo mother care had a protective effect on morbidities like hypothermia, sepsis and apnea. It is superior alternativeto conventional method of care in institutions with limited resources.

Keywords: Kangaroo mother care; Anthropometry; Physiological changes.


Corresponding Author : Jyoti B Sarvi