Measurement is a fundamental aspect of research in the area of infant mortality. The National Population Policy, 2000 aims at a reduction of IMR to less than 30 by 2010. The estimates on infant and child mortality at the national level and for major states of India are provided by the SRS annually. The NFHS also provides the estimates by mother’s educational level, standard of living of the households as well as the other socio economic characteristics of the households. Thus, at the state level we have good information on these estimates. Estimates of IMR can be derived directly as well as indirectly. The direct estimates are usually based on the number of infant deaths reported during the last one year per 1000 live births. The civil registration system as well as the SRS adopts this technique for providing the estimates. 

Keywords: NFHS-National Family Health Survey; SRS-Sample Registration; IMR-Infant Mortality Rate; U5MRUnder Five Mortality Rate; CMR-Child Mortality Rate.