India and China emerged in new look (one after 1947 and other after 1949) decided to uplift its Social- Economic condition through proper plan in order to eliminate existing as well as emerging weakness and challenges. Therefore, they formulated and implemented Five Year Plan. India implemented its Five Year Plan in 1951 while China just after 2 years of it but surprisingly People Republic of China accelerated its Socio-Economic growth in better way while India seems same in theoretical aspects but in practical it is far behind China in both the context. In 21st century though both the countries has registered themselves as superpower in term of ‘Population’. If one analytically compares the impact of its Social welfare policies, he finds that human development bank of China is better than India and also its trade growth is comparatively faster. Therefore, it has been observed that there are some loopholes in the implementation methodology as well as its strategy regarding social welfare policies of India. India will supersede China in term of population very soon. So, it becomes an important issue before government how to formulate and execute social welfare policies for diverse population of the nation so that maximum Indian could get benefit of it. This paper comparatively analysis important factors which are responsible for human development and tried to find out major weakness specially focusing on India and try to learn something from China for betterment. For this purpose observation methodology and secondary data from different sources were used. The collected data and information then processed and analyzed to present the findings in a logical and objective manner.

Keywords: Socio-economic; Implemented five year plan; Republic.